郭 帅，李家乐，吕利群

（上海海洋大学省部共建种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室，上海 201306）

摘要：草鱼呼肠孤病毒（Grass carp reovirus, GCRV）引发草鱼病毒性出血病，是危害性最大的草鱼病原体。该病毒基因组由11条双链RNA组成，共编码7种结构蛋白和5种非结构蛋白。报告总结了呼肠孤病毒在基因表达、蛋白质合成、细胞凋亡、细胞融合、细胞膜渗透、干扰素分泌、细胞分裂以及细胞压力小体等方面与宿主细胞相互作用的生物学研究进展；论述了蛋白酶抑制剂、RNA干扰（RNAi）机制、干扰素诱导素、GCRV干扰颗粒及小分子化合物等抗病毒策略的分子作用机制。报告预测基于中草药的免疫增强剂和口服化基因工程抗病毒疫苗将是最容易被市场化的两种绿色抗草鱼出血病药物。

关键词：草鱼呼肠孤病毒；草鱼出血病；抗病毒；药物

Molecular pathogenesis of Grass carp reovirus and novel anti-viral strategies

GUO Shuai, LI Jia-le, LV Li-qun
( Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education,
Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China )

Abstract: Grass carp reovirus (GCRV), also named as Grass carp hemorrhage virus, is the most important pathogen of Grass carp, which causes haemorrhagic disease. The viral genome is composed of 11 segments of double-stranded (ds) RNA, and encodes 7 structural protein and 5 non-structural proteins. This report summarized the recent progress on the interactions between reovirus and its host cell, including gene expression, protein synthesis, cell apoptosis, cell membrane permeability, interferon induction, cell division and stress granule formation. Molecular mechanisms of emerging anti-reovirus strategies were also discussed here, such as proteinase inhibitor, RNA interference technology (RNAi), interferon inducer, and GCRV interfering particles. Novel interferon inducers developed from traditional Chinese medicine and genetically-engineered oral vaccines are considered the most promising safe and effective drugs against Grass carp haemorrhagic disease.

Key words: Grass carp reovirus; haemorrhagic disease; anti-virus; drug

基金项目：上海高校特聘教授 (东方学者) 岗位计划；上海市科委重点定向项目（08390510200）；国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系项目（nycytx-49-02）
作者简介：郭帅（1985—），女，研究生，研究方向：水产病原学。
通讯作者：吕利群（1971—），男，教授，博导，研究方向：水产病原学。E-mail: lqlv@shou.edu.cn

(来源：《渔业现代化》2010.37(1)：37-42)