赵新颖，黄文超，朱陈程
（ 农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室，十大网投正规信誉官网，上海 200092）

摘要：我国渔船广泛使用的R22制冷剂对大气臭氧层具有破坏作用，根据《蒙特利尔议定书》必须在2030年前完全淘汰。研究开发热力性能优越且绿色环保的渔船用制冷剂是保证我国渔船捕捞业可持续发展的重要任务。本文从热力学性能、安全性、环保性及经济成本等方面出发，结合渔船的特点对R22的三类潜在替代工质即HFC类工质、HC类工质及自然工质进行了替代可行性分析。分析认为，HFC类工质由于具有较高的GWP值，只适合用作过渡期替代制冷剂，HC类工质推广应用的最大障碍是可燃性带来的安全隐患，以氨和二氧化碳为代表的自然工质是替代的最终发展方向，但需要与之相匹配的新技术和新系统，因此，文章最后提出了我国渔船用制冷剂的替代策略。

关键词：渔船；制冷系统；制冷剂；替代策略

Analysis on refrigerants alternative for China fishing vessels
ZHAO Xinying，HUANG Wenchao，ZHU Chencheng

（Key laboratory of Fishing Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture
Fishery Machinery Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China）

Abstract: R22，which is extensively used on China fishing vessels has been listed as refrigerant that must be replaced before 2030, according to Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. It is necessary to develop alternative refrigerant that has good thermal performance and environmental friendly to keep the fishing industry developing healthy and sustainably. In the article，HFC type refrigerants, HC type refrigerants and natural refrigerants are compared and analyzed in terms of safety, thermal performance, influence on environment and the cost. The writer give the opinion that the HFC type refrigerants are only suitable to replace R22 as transitional alternative refrigerant due to the high GWP value, the applying of the HC type refrigerants is difficult because they are flammable, the natural refrigerants such as ammonia and carbon dioxide are promising refrigerants that can eventually replace R22 due to the environmental friendly and lower price, but it is need to develop equipment and pipe systems that can match them. Moreover, refrigerants alternative strategy for China fishing vessel also be presented in the article.

Key Words: Fishing vessel；Refrigerating system；Refrigerants；Alternative strategy

（来源：《渔业现代化》2013,40(5):69-73）