姜森颢，梁 峻，孙 欣
（獐子岛集团股份有限公司海洋生物技术研发中心，大连 116001）

摘要：研究了水深、底质、密度和饲料原料对刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）稚幼参生长和存活率的影响，以期明确最适的养殖条件。水深试验在野外海区进行，试验网箱用锚与重物固定于海底，其它试验在室内玻璃钢水槽或塑料桶中进行。结果表明：体质量（2.13±0.12）g刺参在5 m和10 m水深的体质量（Wt）和特定生长率（SGR）显著大于20 m水深（P＜0.05），（6.19±0.24）g刺参在20 m的Wt显著大于其它深度（P＜0.05），（9.49±0.09）g刺参在各水深的生长差异及同规格刺参在不同水深存活率的差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。砾岩、沙质和泥质底刺参Wt和SGR显著小于沙泥和泥沙底（P＜0.05）。（1.73±0.03）g、（0.40±0.07）g和（0.13±0.02）g刺参低密度下的生长状况优于较高密度。（1.53±0.08）g和（0.68±0.05）g刺参摄食孔石莼饲料组的Wt与SGR同摄食鼠尾藻组和海蒿子组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。

关键词：刺参；水深；密度；底质；饲料；生长；存活率

Growth and survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus under the conditions of bottom sowing and indoor culture
JIANG Sen-Hao, LIANG Jun, SUN Xin
( Marine Biotechnology Research and Development Center,
Zhangzidao Fishery Group Company Limited by Shares, Dalian 116503, China )

Abstract: The effects of different water depths, substrata, densities and feed ingredients on growth and survival rates of Apostichopus japonicus were investigated, to define its optimum cultured conditions. The water depth experiment was done in the field sea area, and the experimental net cages were fixed at the sea bottom; other experiments were carried in fiberglass sinks or plastic casks of laboratory. The results showed: The body weight (Wt) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) of (2.13 ± 0.12) g A. japonicus at 5 m and 10 m depths, which were all significantly greater than ones at 20 m (P < 0.05). The Wt and P of (6.19 ± 0.24) g ones at 20 m were significantly greater than other depths (P < 0.05). The growth differences of (9.49 ± 0.09) g A. japonicus between depths were unremarkable (P > 0.05). The differences of survival rates (SR) of the same size at different water depths were also unremarkable (P > 0.05). The Wt and SGR of A. japonicus under conglomerate, sand and mud substrata were all remarkably less than sand and mud (7:3), mud and sand (3:7) substrata (P < 0.05). The growth statuses of A. japonicus of (1.73 ± 0.03) g, (0.40 ± 0.07) g and (0.13 ± 0.02) g under their low densities were all better than high ones. There were no significant differences among Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii and S. pallidum (Turn.) C. Ag groups in Wt and SGR of (1.53 ± 0.08) g and (0.68 ± 0.05 g) A. japonicus (P＞0.05).

Key words: Apostichopus japonicus; water depth; density; substratum; feed ingredient; growth; survival rate

基金项目：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目（2011BAD13B05）；大连市科技计划项目（2011B11NC004）
作者简介：姜森颢（1981— ），男，博士，主要从事水产养殖生态学研究。E-mail: longdance@sina.com

（来源：《渔业现代化》2012,39(6):40-46）