赵云鹏¹，李玉成¹，董国海¹，刘文顺²，桂福坤³
（1 大连理工大学，海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室，大连116024；2 大连水产学院，大连 116023；
3 浙江海洋学院海洋科学与技术学院， 舟山316000）

摘要：在水流作用下，网箱网衣要承受很大的水流作用力，在网箱实际使用中破网逃鱼现象时常发生。网衣属于柔性结构物，在外部荷载作用下会发生较大的变形和位移，因此其受力和变形特性较为特殊。为了获得水流作用下重力式网箱网衣的张力分布，从而为设计和生产提供理论参考依据，利用集中质量的方法建立了水流作用下网箱网衣受力和变形的数学计算模型。利用此数学模型对重力式网箱网衣在不同配重模式和网目形状下的变形和张力分布进行了数值模拟。通过数值模拟研究发现，网箱网衣张力分布形式和网目形状关系密切，配重形式对其影响较小。相同工况条件下，配置底圈时网衣所受最大张力略大于单独沉子配重形式，同时菱形网目网衣所受最大张力略大于正方形网目的受力。

关键词：张力分布；重力式网箱；数值模拟
　　

Tension distribution of gravity cage net in steady current
ZHAO Yun-peng¹, LI Yu-cheng¹, DONG Guo-hai¹, LIU Wen-shun², GUI Fu-kun³
( 1 State Key Lab of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2 Dalian Fisheries University，Dalian 116023, China;
 3 Marine Science and Technology School, Zhejiang Ocean Univercity, Zhoushan 316000, China )

Abstract: Fishing net should have enough intensity to withstand the attack of current and stormy waves to avoid fishing escape. Differing from other structures made from rigid materials, the intrinsically flexible nets undergo large deformation under external and internal forces. In addition, the length of netting twine undergoes extensional deformation as a result of various loads during fishing operation. The aim of this paper is to investigate the shape and tension distribution of fishing nets in current only. Herein, a numerical model is developed, based on lumped masses method, and then the tension distribution in gravity cage net is demonstrated by images and positions where maximum of tension occurs are pointed out for the reference of practical application. According to the simulated data, it can be found that the distribution in the cage net is related to the style of weighting model, and the largest value of tension force in cage net with sinker only (WA) is smaller than that in cage net with bottom-collar sinker weight system (WB) in the same current condition.

Key words: tension distribution; net cage; numerical simulation

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（50809014）；国家“863”高技术研发计划项目（2006AA100301）

作者简介：赵云鹏（1980—），男，讲师，博士，主要从事海洋牧场结构物水动力学研究。E-mail: Zhaoyp18@hotmail.com

　　                                          （《渔业现代化》 2008，35（6），5-8）